National Energy Balance of Bangladesh – Trend Analysis and Indicators (May 2023)

1. Overview

  • Total energy supply (TES) is on the constant growth, from 42 Mtoe in FY 2014-15 to 55 Mtoe in FY 2021-22 (the latest fiscal year data is the preliminary calculation result).
  • The average annual growth is 4%. Final energy consumption (FEC) is also on the constant growth, from 30 Mtoe in FY n2014-15 to 40 Mtoe by FY 2021-22. The average annual growth is 5%, which is higher than that of TES.
  • The gap between TES growth and FEC growth is absorbed by the decrease of energy sector use and losses, implying a trend of improvement in energy transformation efficiency in general.
  • The proportion of non-energy consumption within the national energy balance table remained stable, reflecting the limited growth in chemical and petrochemical industries.
  • Gradually widening statistical differences during the recent three years imply the necessity to improve the accuracy of the data inventory.
  • Chart 1, as the overview of the national energy balance table trend, shows the breakdown of TES into FEC, energy sector use & losses, non-energy consumption, and statistical differences.
Chart 1 Breakdown of TES into FEC, energy sector use & losses, non-energy consumption, and statistical differences

2. TES Composition by Energy Products and Origin 

  • Chart 2 shows the breakdown of TES by energy products. Natural gas, specifically, has been separated into domestic and import.
  • Natural gas has always been the top share composition of the TES to Bangladesh at around 50% throughout the analysis period.
  • Biofuels have also been constantly composing around 30% but is on a gradual decrease during the recent years.
  • Growth in TES is supported by natural gas import which started from FY 2018-29, as well as the rapid growth of oil & petroleum products import.
Chart 2 Breakdown of TES by energy products
  • As shown in Chart 3, the share of domestically produced energy among TES (= self-sufficiency as an indicator), which was 82% in FY 2014-15, has significantly declined to 63% by FY 2021-22.
Chart 3 Energy Self Sufficiency

3. Transformation Efficiency 

  • Chart 4 is showing the trend of energy transformation improvement in Bangladesh.
  • Red line is showing the overall electric power generation output / input as an indicator which is on gradual improvement.
  • Yellow line is the refinery & fractionation output / input also as an indicator for transformation efficiency. It is also on an improvement trend. 
Chart 4 Energy Transformation Efficiency

4. TES composition by Final Energy Consumption (FEC) on Primary Energy Basis by Energy Product

  • Chart 5 is the breakdown of TES by FEC on primary energy basis by energy product. The residue between TES and FEC on primary energy basis is the composition of non-energy consumption and statistical differences only.
  • Electricity has always been the most consumed type of energy, followed by biofuels.
  • The persistent trend is that the final consumption in the form of petroleum products is gradually increasing. This is the reflection of two trends which are; (i) penetration of LPG substituting biofuels, and (ii) increasing use of LPG, gasoline, and diesel in the transport sector.
Chart 5 Breakdown of TES by FEC on Primary Energy Basis by Energy Product

5. TES composition by Final Energy Consumption (FEC) on Primary Energy Basis by Sector

  • Chart 6 is the breakdown of TES by FEC on primary energy basis by sector. The residue between TES and FEC on primary energy basis is the composition of non-energy consumption and statistical differences only.
  • Residential sector comprises approximately a half of the entire FEC on primary energy basis and is on steady increase. Electricity has always been the most consumed type of energy, followed by biofuels. Commercial & services, as well as transport sector FEC on primary energy basis are also steadily increasing.
  • Industry sector FEC on primary energy basis from around FY 2018-19 has been stable, on gradual decrease trend. With considerations for continued importance of the industry sector, it can be deemed that the industry sector energy efficiency is gradually improving.
Chart 6 Breakdown of TES by FEC on Primary Energy Basis by Sector

6. National Energy Intensity 

  • Chart 7 is the trend of national energy intensity. Blue line is TES/GDP (as an indicator for the general productivity per energy of the country), while the orange line is FEC/GDP (as an indicator for the general energy consumption efficiency of the country). 
  • Both indicators are showing a steady decline, implying the continued improvement in the economic productivity per energy and energy consumption efficiency. 
Chart 7 Trend of National Energy Intensity
  • For reference purpose, Chart 8 is the EE&C Master Plan basis national energy intensity. It is calculated on gross calorific value data compilation for major energy products only. 
Chart 8 National Energy Balance (EE&C Master Plan Calculation Method)

7. Supplemental Note to Bangladesh’s National Energy Balance Compilation  

  • Biofuels comprise a significant portion of Bangladesh’s energy supply and consumption, yet accurate date is not being obtained. It is crucial for the country’s energy policy to have the biofuel supply, consumption and substitution under control, first of all, by obtaining accurate and credible data. 

National Energy Balance Table and Data

Fiscal yearMain document Explanatory notes
2021-22
preliminary		Table and data FY 2021-22Explanatory notes FY 2021-22
2020-21 Table and data FY 2020-21Explanatory notes FY 2020-21
2019-20 Table and data FY 2019-20Explanatory notes FY 2019-20
2018-19 Table and data FY 2018-19Explanatory notes FY 2018-19
2017-18Table and data FY 2017-18Explanatory notes FY 2017-18
2016-17Table and data FY 2016-17Explanatory notes FY 2016-17
2015-16Table and data FY 2015-16Explanatory notes FY 2015-16
2014-15Table and data FY 2014-15Explanatory notes FY 2014-15